Abaca

Abaca (twine-fibers lanot-sinamay fabric - bacbac Abaca bark)

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Bamboo (branches)

Eight varieties in the bamboo class are used extensively in housing construction, manufacture of furniture and furnishings, basketry and other handicrafts, and matting. These are:

Kawayan-Tinik (Bambusa spinosa),
the most popular in the Philippines
Giant Bamboo (Dendrocalamus asper)
Bayog (Dendrocalamus merilliana)
Botong (Dendrocalamus latiflorus)
Bolo (Gigantochloa levis)
Anos (Schizostachyum lima)
Buho (Schizostachyum lumampao)
Puser (Schizostachyum fenexii)

Buri

Buri (Corypha utan) belongs to the class of erect palms. Growing up to 20 meters high, with a maximum trunk diameter of one meter, and leaves that spread up to three meters long, the buri is visually the most imposing palm in the Philippines. There are two varieties, the while and red buri.

Buri is one of the most economically important palms. Among its many uses, split midribs are trusted materials for baskets and trays. The skin of a budding buri leaf is the source of buri raffia that takes to color well, making more attractive baskets and bags.

Capiz

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Hagnaya Vine

Nito

Nito (Lygodium spp.) belongs to the class of climbing ferns. Growing abundantly in moist ground condition, its slender stems twine around plants, shedding leaves as it matures and becomes ready for harvest.

Nito is a popular raw material for baskets, placemats and plate chargers, coasters, and box containers.

Niyog

Niyog (Cocos nucifera), popularly known as coconut palm, belongs to the class of erect palms. Standing up to 25 meters tall, it is the most widely distributed and economically valuable palm in the Philippines.

Coconut twigs are ideal for placemats and table runners, votive candle containers, as well as embellishment for holiday decor.

Coir fiber from husks is used to make bags, ropes and twines, door mats and floor coverings, and cushion stuffing. Shells are made into kitchen utensils, buttons, and decorative wall hangings. Colorful nut dishes have also been made out of both husk and coconut shell.

Baskets and trays are also made out of coconut leaves and midribs. Leaves also make for durable thatches for homes, often built using coconut lumber.

Rattan

Rattan belongs to the class of climbing palms. Different varieties thrive differently in the natural setting. Some rattan varieties grow as thickets while others climb on tall trees, and they are distinguished by the smoothness of their skin and diameter of the poles.

Three rattan varieties are commonly used in the manufacture of furniture and furnishings, trays, baskets, and other handicrafts, as well as excellent twine. These are Arurog (Calamus javensis), Palasan (Calamus maximus), and Sika (Calamus spinifolius).

Tikog

Tikog (Fimbristylis umbellaris) belongs to the class of rushes. It is a slender sedge that grows up to three meters in height.

Tikog is the most important raw material for mats, but it also finds its way into hats, slippers, hand bags, and other handicrafts. Mixed with other materials, tikog is also used in placemats, table runners, even Venetian blinds.

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